Nerv06/introduction/dual innervation by the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
The sympathetic nervous system is a division of the autonomic nervous system that facilitates functions needed for exercise, and the parasympathetic nervous system is another division that facilitates function needed for the gastrointestinal digestion and absorption, etc.
The autonomic nervous system, which is a part of the peripheral nervous system, is functionally divided into the sympathetic and para sympathetic nervous systems. In one word, the sympathetic nervous system facilitates functions needed for exercise, and the parasympathetic nervous system facilitates function needed for the gastrointestinal digestion and absorption, etc.
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|
交感神経 |
副交感神経 |
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心拍数 |
亢進 |
低下 |
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腸管蠕動 |
低下 |
亢進 |
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消化液分泌 |
低下 |
亢進 |
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瞳孔 |
散大 |
縮小 |
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気管 |
弛緩 |
収縮 |
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膀胱 |
弛緩 |
収縮 |
Each organ receives innervation from both divisions (dual innervation) which have opposing effects (antagonistic innervation). For example, the heart activity (such as heart rate and output) is facilitated by the sympathetic nervous system, and inhibited by the parasympathetic nervous system. Meanwhile, activity of the gastrointestinal tract, ureter and bladder (such as contraction, mobility and secretion) are facilitated by the parasympathetic nervous system, and inhibited by the sympathetic nervous system.
Challenge Quiz
Dual innervation and antagonistic innervation are characteristics of the somatic.autonomic nervous system.
An internal organ basically receives innervation from both. one of the divisions of the autonomic nervous system, namely the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves.
The sympathetic nervous system facilitates.inhibits gastrointestinal motility.
The parasympathetic nervous system facilitates. inhibits gastrointestinal motility.
The sympathetic nervous system constricts.dilates trachea.
The parasympathetic nervous system constricts. dilates trachea.
The sympathetic nervous system lowers.elevates blood pressure.
The sympathetic nervous system lowers.elevates heart rate.
The sympathetic nervous system facilitates. inhibits sweating.