「SHolroydAtWeilCornellMedQatar/Endocrinology/VasopressinADH/ControlToWaterIntake」の版間の差分
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[[ファイル:ADHControlToWaterIntake1Eng.jpg|left|500px]] | [[ファイル:ADHControlToWaterIntake1Eng.jpg|left|500px]] | ||
[[メディア:ADHcontrol-water-middle.mp4|video just after water intake]]<br> | [[メディア:ADHcontrol-water-middle.mp4|video just after water intake]]<br> | ||
Step 1: | Step 1: With water intake, water enters the plasma and osmolarity decreases (become hypotonic). <br> | ||
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Step 2: | Step 2: ADH, water channels, and reabsorption of water by the kidney decreases plasma osmolarity, having the same effect of water intake. Thus, with low plasma osmolarity following water intake (hypotonic plasma), the plasma osmolarity-decreasing effect of ADH, water channels, and reabsorption would be too much prior to control by negative feedback. | ||
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[[ファイル:ADHControlToWaterIntake2Eng.jpg|left|500px]] | [[ファイル:ADHControlToWaterIntake2Eng.jpg|left|500px]] | ||
[[メディア:WaterDuringADHcontrol.mp4|video just after the decrease in ADH following water intake]]<br> | [[メディア:WaterDuringADHcontrol.mp4|video just after the decrease in ADH following water intake]]<br> | ||
Step 3: With too much effect of ADH, water channels, and reabsorption, the negative feedback decreases | Step 3: With too much of an effect of ADH, water channels, and reabsorption, the negative feedback decreases (synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of) ADH.<br> | ||
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Step 4: The water | Step 4: The water channel-increasing effect of ADH decreases, thereby decreasing the number of water channels. This decreases the reabsorption of water by the kidney. | ||
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[[ファイル:ADHControlToWaterIntake3Eng.jpg|left|500px]] | [[ファイル:ADHControlToWaterIntake3Eng.jpg|left|500px]] | ||
[[メディア:ADHcontrol-water-end.mp4|video showing the changes in plasma and urine after the decrease in ADH caused by negative feedback following water intake]]<br> | [[メディア:ADHcontrol-water-end.mp4|video showing the changes in plasma and urine after the decrease in ADH caused by negative feedback following water intake]]<br> | ||
Step 5: The ratio of Na | Step 5: The ratio of Na+ to water reabsorption by the kidney increases. This means plasma osmolarity increases. Briefly, the decreased plasma osmolarity from water intake (hypotonic plasma) increases and returns to normal (isotonic). Because a higher ratio of Na+ is reabsorbed, the fluid remaining in the tubule now has a lower osmolarity (hypotonic). Also, with decreases in water reabsorption, there is more water. Overall, the urine becomes less concentrated (hypotonic) and higher in volume. | ||
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2019年7月2日 (火) 14:31時点における版
| Following water intake, the plasma osmolarity decreases, and negative feedback decreases (synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of) ADH. |
video prior to water intake
Prior to water intake, we assume our subject is in homeostasis with normal plasma and urine osmolarities (isotonic) and volumes.
video just after water intake
Step 1: With water intake, water enters the plasma and osmolarity decreases (become hypotonic).
Step 2: ADH, water channels, and reabsorption of water by the kidney decreases plasma osmolarity, having the same effect of water intake. Thus, with low plasma osmolarity following water intake (hypotonic plasma), the plasma osmolarity-decreasing effect of ADH, water channels, and reabsorption would be too much prior to control by negative feedback.
video just after the decrease in ADH following water intake
Step 3: With too much of an effect of ADH, water channels, and reabsorption, the negative feedback decreases (synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of) ADH.
Step 4: The water channel-increasing effect of ADH decreases, thereby decreasing the number of water channels. This decreases the reabsorption of water by the kidney.
video showing the changes in plasma and urine after the decrease in ADH caused by negative feedback following water intake
Step 5: The ratio of Na+ to water reabsorption by the kidney increases. This means plasma osmolarity increases. Briefly, the decreased plasma osmolarity from water intake (hypotonic plasma) increases and returns to normal (isotonic). Because a higher ratio of Na+ is reabsorbed, the fluid remaining in the tubule now has a lower osmolarity (hypotonic). Also, with decreases in water reabsorption, there is more water. Overall, the urine becomes less concentrated (hypotonic) and higher in volume.
Challenge Quiz
Following water intake, negative feedback increases decreases (synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of) ADH.
Following water intake, negative feedback increases decreases water channels in the kidney.
Following water intake, negative feedback increases decreases water reabsorption by the kidney.
Following water intake, negative feedback increases decreases urine volume.
Following water intake, negative feedback increases decreases urine osmolarity.
Following water intake, negative feedback increases decreases plasma osmolarity.
Following water intake, the plasma osmolarity decreases increases . The effect would be the same as opposite to that of ADH, water channels and reabsorption of water by the kidney, which decreases increases plasma osmolarity. The effect of (synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of) ADH would be too little too much . Negative feedback increases decreases (synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of) ADH. This in turn increases decreases the production of water channels in the kidney causing increased decreased water reabsorption. Urine osmolarity will increase decrease while volume will increase decrease . This will decrease increase plasma osmolarity, returning to normal separating from normal .