「SHolroydAtWeilCornellMedQatar/Endocrinology/VasopressinADH/EffectOfIncrease」の版間の差分

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[[ファイル:ADHControlToSweating3Eng.jpg|left|500px]]
[[ファイル:ADHControlToSweating3Eng.jpg|left|500px]]
[[メディア:ADHsweatControl-4Eng.mp4|video showing the changes in plasma and urine after the increase in ADH]]<br>
[[メディア:ADHEffectOfIncreasing-3Eng.mp4|video showing the changes in plasma and urine after the increase in ADH]]<br>
The ratio of Na<sup>+</sup> to water entering the plasma due to reabsorption decreases. This decreases plasma osmolarity (hypotonic). Because a lower ratio of Na<sup>+</sup> to water leaves the tubule due to reabsorption, the fluid remaining in the tubule has a higher osmolarity (hypertonic). Also, with an increase in water reabsorption, there is less water remaining in the tubule. Overall, the urine becomes more concentrated (hypertonic) and lower in volume.
The ratio of Na<sup>+</sup> to water entering the plasma due to reabsorption decreases. This decreases plasma osmolarity (hypotonic). Because a lower ratio of Na<sup>+</sup> to water leaves the tubule due to reabsorption, the fluid remaining in the tubule has a higher osmolarity (hypertonic). Also, with an increase in water reabsorption, there is less water remaining in the tubule. Overall, the urine becomes more concentrated (hypertonic) and lower in volume.
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{{QuizTitle}}
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<GIFT>
<GIFT>
//LEVEL:2
//RAND
With sweating, negative feedback {~=increases~decreases}  the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of  ADH.


//LEVEL:3  
//LEVEL:3  
//RAND  
//RAND  
With sweating, negative feedback {~=increases~decreases}  the number of water channels in the kidney.  
With the increase of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH, the number of water channels in the kidney {~=increases~decreases} .  


//LEVEL:2  
//LEVEL:2  
//RAND  
//RAND  
With sweating, negative feedback {~=increases~decreases} water reabsorption by the kidney.
With the increase of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH, water reabsorption by the kidney {~=increases~decreases}.


//LEVEL:3  
//LEVEL:3  
//RAND  
//RAND  
With sweating, negative feedback {increases~=decreases} urine volume.  
With the increase of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH, urine volume {increases~=decreases}.  


//LEVEL:3  
//LEVEL:3  
//RAND  
//RAND  
With sweating, negative feedback {~=increases~decreases} urine osmolarity.
With the increase of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH, urine osmolarity {~=increases~decreases}.


//LEVEL:3  
//LEVEL:3  
//RAND  
//RAND  
With sweating, negative feedback {increases~=decreases} plasma osmolarity.
With the increase of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH, plasma osmolarity {increases~=decreases}.
 
//LEVEL:3
//RAND
The effect of increasing in ADH is {the contraction in female genital smooth muscle ~=the decreasing in plasma osmolarity }.


//LEVEL:3  
//LEVEL:3  
//RAND  
//RAND  
With sweating, the plasma osmolarity {decreases~=increases}.  The effect would be the {=same as~opposite to} that of reabsorption of water by the kidney, which {=decreases~increases} plasma osmolarity.  The effect of the reabsorption would be {=too weak~too strong} prior to control by negative feedback.  Negative feedback {~=increases~decreases} the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH.  This in turn {~=increases~decreases} the number of water channels in the kidney causing {~=increased~decreased} water reabsorption. Urine osmolarity {~=increases~decreases} while volume {increases~=decreases}.  This {~=decreases~increases} plasma osmolarity, {~=returning to normal~separating from normal}.
The effect of increasing in ADH is to {increase~=decrease} the plasma osmolarity .
</GIFT>
</GIFT>

2019年8月21日 (水) 17:58時点における版

POINT!
With the increase of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH, the number of water channels increases .

narrated video explanation

ファイル:ADHbaseline.jpg

video prior to the increase in ADH
Prior to ADH increasing (at baseline), we will make the assumption that the subject is in homeostasis with normal plasma and urine osmolarities (isotonic) and volumes.

ADHControlToSweating1Eng.jpg

video just after the increase in ADH
Step 1: Suppose that the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH increases.
The water channel-increasing effect of ADH increases, thereby increasing the number of water channels. This increases the reabsorption of water by the kidney.

ADHControlToSweating3Eng.jpg

video showing the changes in plasma and urine after the increase in ADH
The ratio of Na+ to water entering the plasma due to reabsorption decreases. This decreases plasma osmolarity (hypotonic). Because a lower ratio of Na+ to water leaves the tubule due to reabsorption, the fluid remaining in the tubule has a higher osmolarity (hypertonic). Also, with an increase in water reabsorption, there is less water remaining in the tubule. Overall, the urine becomes more concentrated (hypertonic) and lower in volume.

Challenge Quiz

1.

With the increase of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH, the number of water channels in the kidney increases decreases .

2.

With the increase of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH, water reabsorption by the kidney increases decreases .

3.

With the increase of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH, urine volume increases decreases .

4.

With the increase of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH, urine osmolarity increases decreases .

5.

With the increase of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of ADH, plasma osmolarity increases decreases .

6.

The effect of increasing in ADH is the contraction in female genital smooth muscle the decreasing in plasma osmolarity .

7.

The effect of increasing in ADH is to increase decrease the plasma osmolarity .

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