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{{Point|The trochlear nerve (number IV cranial nerve) functions as the nerve for superior oblique muscle, of which the action direction changes because of pully.}}
{{Point|The trochlear nerve (number IV cranial nerve) functions as the nerve for superior oblique muscle, which operates through a pully.}}


[[ファイル:Cranial04.jpg|left|400px]]上斜筋が収縮すると、滑車の手前の腱は後ろ方向に動きますが、滑車より先の腱は前方向に動きます。そのため、眼球の上面が前方向に動き、視線は下を向きます。眼球運動の神経であり、感覚の作用はありません。
[[ファイル:Cranial04E.jpg|left|400px]]
 
The trochlear nerve (number IV cranial nerve) functions as the nerve for superior oblique muscle.  With the superior oblique muscle contraction, the tendon before the pully moves backwards, but the tendon after the pully moves frontwards.  Thus the upper part of the eyeball moves forwards, and the eye looks downwards.  The trochlear nerve (number IV cranial nerve) functions as a motor nerve and has no function in sensation. 


{{QuizTitle}}
{{QuizTitle}}
<GIFT>
<GIFT>
//LEVEL:3   
//LEVEL:3   
滑車神経は第{~I~II~III~=IV~V~VI~VII~VIII~IX~X~XI~XII}脳神経である。
The trochlear nerve is the number {~I~II~III~=IV~V~VI~VII~VIII~IX~X~XI~XII} cranial nerve.
 
//LEVEL:4
//RAND
滑車神経の機能は{嗅覚~視覚~外転筋・上斜筋以外の動眼筋の運動~上眼瞼拳筋の運動~毛様体(遠近調節)の運動~=上斜筋の運動~結膜の感覚~咀嚼筋の運動~外転筋の運動~舌前2/3の味覚~(眼輪筋を含む)表情筋の運動~唾液腺の分泌~涙腺の分泌~重力の感覚~加速度の感覚~聴覚~舌後1/3の味覚~咽頭の感覚~頸動脈洞の血圧センサー~頸動脈小体の酸素、二酸化炭素センサー~嚥下筋の運動~舌根部の味覚~喉頭の感覚~胸腹部臓器の感覚~発声の筋の運動~胸腹部臓器の運動~頸部の筋の運動~舌の筋の運動~角膜の感覚~鼻腔の感覚~口腔の感覚~顔面の感覚~味覚~縮瞳筋の運動}である。


//LEVEL:2
//RAND
The trochlear nerve (number IV cranial nerve) functions as the nerve for {oculomotor muscles other than lateral rectus and superior oblique~levator palpebrae superioris~ciliary muscles (focusing)~=superior oblique~lateral rectus~muscles of facial expression including orbicularis oculi muscle}.
</GIFT>
</GIFT>

2016年4月24日 (日) 13:39時点における最新版

POINT!
The trochlear nerve (number IV cranial nerve) functions as the nerve for superior oblique muscle, which operates through a pully.
Cranial04E.jpg

The trochlear nerve (number IV cranial nerve) functions as the nerve for superior oblique muscle. With the superior oblique muscle contraction, the tendon before the pully moves backwards, but the tendon after the pully moves frontwards. Thus the upper part of the eyeball moves forwards, and the eye looks downwards. The trochlear nerve (number IV cranial nerve) functions as a motor nerve and has no function in sensation.

Challenge Quiz

1.

The trochlear nerve is the number I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII cranial nerve.

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