「SHolroydAtWeilCornellMedQatar/Endocrinology/VasopressinADH/EffectOfDecrease」の版間の差分

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{{Point|  With the decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), the number of water channels decreases .}}
{{Point|  With a decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), the number of water channels and water reabsorption decrease.  These increase plasma osmolarity and urine volume, and also decrease urine osmolarity.}}
 
[[メディア:ADHeffectOfDecreaseEng.mp4|narrated video explanation]]
[[メディア:6-ADHcontrol-sweat.mp4|narrated video explanation]]
 
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[[ファイル:ADHbaseline-Eng.jpg|left|500px]]
[[ファイル:ADHbaseline-Eng.jpg|left|500px]]
[[メディア:ADHbaseline-Eng.mp4|video prior to the decrease in vasopressin (ADH)]]<br>
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Prior to vasopressin (ADH) decreasing (at baseline), we will make the assumption that the subject is in homeostasis with normal plasma and urine osmolarities (isotonic) and volumes.
[[メディア:ADHbaseline-Eng.mp4|video prior to a decrease in vasopressin (ADH)]]<br>
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Prior to vasopressin (ADH) decreasing (at baseline), we will make the assumption that the subject is in homeostasis with normal plasma and urine osmolarities (isotonic) and urine volume.
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[[ファイル:ADHEffectOfDecreasing-2Eng.jpg|left|500px]]
[[ファイル:ADHEffectOfDecreasing-2Eng.jpg|left|500px]]
[[メディア:ADHEffectOfDecreasing-2Eng.mp4|video just after the decrease in vasopressin (ADH)]]<br>
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[[メディア:ADHEffectOfDecreasing-2Eng.mp4|video just after a decrease in vasopressin (ADH)]]<br>
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Step 1: Suppose that the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (ADH) decreases.<br>
Step 1: Suppose that the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (ADH) decreases.<br>
Step 2: The water channel-increasing effect of vasopressin (ADH) decreases, thereby decreasing the number of water channels. This decreases the reabsorption of water by the kidney.
Step 2: The water channel-increasing effect of vasopressin (ADH) becomes weaker, which decreases the number of water channels. This decreases the water reabsorption from the tubule.
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[[ファイル:ADHEffectOfDecreasing-3Eng.jpg|left|500px]]
[[ファイル:ADHEffectOfDecreasing-3Eng.jpg|left|500px]]
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[[メディア:ADHEffectOfDecreasing-3Eng.mp4|video showing the changes in plasma and urine after the decrease in vasopressin (ADH)]]<br>
[[メディア:ADHEffectOfDecreasing-3Eng.mp4|video showing the changes in plasma and urine after the decrease in vasopressin (ADH)]]<br>
Step 3: The ratio of Na<sup>+</sup> to water entering the plasma due to reabsorption increases. This increases plasma osmolarity (hypertonic). Because a higher ratio of Na<sup>+</sup> to water leaves the tubule due to reabsorption, the fluid remaining in the tubule has a lower osmolarity (hypotonic). Also, with a decrease in water reabsorption, there is more water remaining in the tubule. Overall, the urine becomes less concentrated (hypotonic) and higher in volume.
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Step 3:With the decrease in water reabsorption, concentrated (hypertonic) solution enters the plasma. This increases plasma osmolarity (concentrated, hypertonic). Because concentrated (hypertonic) solution leaves the tubule due to reabsorption, the fluid remaining in the tubule has decreased osmolarity (diluted, hypotonic). Also, with the decrease in water reabsorption, there is more water remaining in the tubule. Overall, the urine becomes diluted and increases in volume.
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<GIFT>
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//LEVEL:3
//LEVEL:2
//RAND  
//RAND  
With the decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), the number of water channels in the kidney {~=increases~decreases} .  
With a decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), the number of water channels in the tubule {~increases~=decreases} .  


//LEVEL:2  
//LEVEL:2  
//RAND  
//RAND  
With the decrease of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), water reabsorption by the kidney {increases~=decreases}.
With a decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), water reabsorption from the tubule {increases~=decreases}.


//LEVEL:3  
//LEVEL:3  
//RAND  
//RAND  
With the decrease of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), urine volume {~=increases~decreases}.  
With a decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), urine volume {~=increases~decreases}.  


//LEVEL:3  
//LEVEL:3  
//RAND  
//RAND  
With the decrease of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), urine osmolarity {increases~=decreases}.
With a decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), urine osmolarity {increases~=decreases}.


//LEVEL:3
//LEVEL:2
//RAND  
//RAND  
With the decrease of the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), plasma osmolarity {~=increases~decreases}.
With a decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), plasma osmolarity {~=increases~decreases}.


//LEVEL:3
//LEVEL:2
//RAND
//RAND
The effect of decreasing in vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH) is to {contract female genital smooth muscle ~=increase plasma osmolarity }.
The effect of decrease in vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH) is {uterine smooth muscle relaxation~=an increase in plasma osmolarity}.


//LEVEL:3  
//LEVEL:3  
//RAND  
//RAND  
The effect of decreasing in vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH) is to {~=increase~decrease} the plasma osmolarity .
The effect of decrease in vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH) is {~=an increase~a decrease} the plasma osmolarity .
</GIFT>
</GIFT>

2020年3月30日 (月) 10:59時点における最新版

POINT!
With a decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), the number of water channels and water reabsorption decrease. These increase plasma osmolarity and urine volume, and also decrease urine osmolarity.

narrated video explanation

ADHbaseline-Eng.jpg

Prior to vasopressin (ADH) decreasing (at baseline), we will make the assumption that the subject is in homeostasis with normal plasma and urine osmolarities (isotonic) and urine volume.

ADHEffectOfDecreasing-2Eng.jpg

Step 1: Suppose that the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (ADH) decreases.
Step 2: The water channel-increasing effect of vasopressin (ADH) becomes weaker, which decreases the number of water channels. This decreases the water reabsorption from the tubule.

ADHEffectOfDecreasing-3Eng.jpg

Step 3:With the decrease in water reabsorption, concentrated (hypertonic) solution enters the plasma. This increases plasma osmolarity (concentrated, hypertonic). Because concentrated (hypertonic) solution leaves the tubule due to reabsorption, the fluid remaining in the tubule has decreased osmolarity (diluted, hypotonic). Also, with the decrease in water reabsorption, there is more water remaining in the tubule. Overall, the urine becomes diluted and increases in volume.

Challenge Quiz

1.

With a decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), the number of water channels in the tubule increases decreases .

2.

With a decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), water reabsorption from the tubule increases decreases .

3.

With a decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), urine volume increases decreases .

4.

With a decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), urine osmolarity increases decreases .

5.

With a decrease in the synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH), plasma osmolarity increases decreases .

6.

The effect of decrease in vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH) is uterine smooth muscle relaxation an increase in plasma osmolarity .

7.

The effect of decrease in vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone, ADH) is an increase a decrease the plasma osmolarity .

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