「SHolroydAtWeilCornellMedQatar/Endocrinology/VasopressinADH/ControlToSweating」の版間の差分
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[[ファイル:ADHControlToSweating1Eng.jpg|left|500px]] | [[ファイル:ADHControlToSweating1Eng.jpg|left|500px]] | ||
[[メディア:ADHcontrol-sweat-middle.mp4|video just after sweating]]<br> | [[メディア:ADHcontrol-sweat-middle.mp4|video just after sweating]]<br> | ||
Step 1: The subject sweated. Water will leave the plasma and its osmolarity will increase.<br> | |||
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Sweating will increase | Step 2: Sweating will increase plasma osmolarity. ADH, water channels, and reabsorption of water by the kidney will decrease plasma osmolarity, having the opposite effect. Thus, with high plasma osmolarity following sweating, the plasma osmolarity-decreasing effect of ADH, water channels, and reabsorption would be too little. | ||
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[[ファイル:ADHControlToSweating2Eng.jpg|left|500px]] | [[ファイル:ADHControlToSweating2Eng.jpg|left|500px]] | ||
[[メディア:WaterDuringADHcontrol.mp4|video just after the increased in ADH following sweating]]<br> | [[メディア:WaterDuringADHcontrol.mp4|video just after the increased in ADH following sweating]]<br> | ||
Step 3: With too little effect of ADH, water channels, and reabsorption, the negative feedback increases (synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of) ADH.<br> | |||
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Step 4: The water channels-increasing effect of ADH will increase, increasing the number of water channels. This increases the reabsorption of water by the kidney. | |||
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[[メディア:ADHcontrol-sweat-end.mp4|video showing the changes in plasma and urine after the increased in ADH caused by following sweating]]<br> | [[メディア:ADHcontrol-sweat-end.mp4|video showing the changes in plasma and urine after the increased in ADH caused by following sweating]]<br> | ||
Step 5: The ratio of Na<sup>+</sup> to water reabsorption by the kidney decreases. This means plasma osmolarity decreases. The increased plasma osmolarity from sweating will decrease returning to normal. | Step 5: The ratio of Na<sup>+</sup> to water reabsorption by the kidney decreases. This means plasma osmolarity decreases. The increased plasma osmolarity from sweating will decrease returning to normal. | ||
Because a lower ratio of Na<sup>+</sup> is reabsorbed, the fluid left in the tubule now has a higher osmolarity. | Because a lower ratio of Na<sup>+</sup> is reabsorbed, the fluid left in the tubule now has a higher osmolarity. Also, the increase in the number of water channels increases water reabsorption so there is less water. Overall, the urine becomes more concentrated (hypertonic) and low volume. | ||
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2019年6月8日 (土) 12:03時点における版
| Following sweating, the plasma osmolarity increases, and negative feedback decreases (synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of) ADH. |
video prior to sweating
Prior to sweating, we assume our subject is in homeostasis with normal plasma and urine osmolarities and volumes.
video just after sweating
Step 1: The subject sweated. Water will leave the plasma and its osmolarity will increase.
Step 2: Sweating will increase plasma osmolarity. ADH, water channels, and reabsorption of water by the kidney will decrease plasma osmolarity, having the opposite effect. Thus, with high plasma osmolarity following sweating, the plasma osmolarity-decreasing effect of ADH, water channels, and reabsorption would be too little.
video just after the increased in ADH following sweating
Step 3: With too little effect of ADH, water channels, and reabsorption, the negative feedback increases (synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of) ADH.
Step 4: The water channels-increasing effect of ADH will increase, increasing the number of water channels. This increases the reabsorption of water by the kidney.
video showing the changes in plasma and urine after the increased in ADH caused by following sweating
Step 5: The ratio of Na+ to water reabsorption by the kidney decreases. This means plasma osmolarity decreases. The increased plasma osmolarity from sweating will decrease returning to normal.
Because a lower ratio of Na+ is reabsorbed, the fluid left in the tubule now has a higher osmolarity. Also, the increase in the number of water channels increases water reabsorption so there is less water. Overall, the urine becomes more concentrated (hypertonic) and low volume.
Challenge Quiz
Following sweating, negative feedback increases decreases (synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of) ADH.
Following sweating, negative feedback increases decreases water channels in the kidney.
Following sweating, negative feedback increases decreases water reabsorption by the kidney.
Following sweating, negative feedback increases decreases urine volume.
Following sweating, negative feedback increases decreases urine osmolarity.
Following sweating, negative feedback increases decreases plasma osmolarity.
Following sweating, the plasma osmolarity decreases increases . The effect would be the same as opposite to that of ADH, water channels and reabsorption of water by the kidney, which decreases increases plasma osmolarity. The effect of (synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of) ADH would be too little too much . Negative feedback increases decreases (synthesis, secretion, and blood concentration of) ADH. This in turn increases decreases the number of water channels in the kidney causing increased decreased water reabsorption. Urine osmolarity will increase decrease while volume will increase decrease . This will decrease increase plasma osmolarity, returning to normal separating from normal .