「SHolroydAtWeilCornellMedQatar/Endocrinology/VasopressinADH/ControlToSweating」の版間の差分
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//LEVEL:3 | //LEVEL:3 | ||
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After sweating, the plasma osmolarity {decreases~=increases}. The effect would be the {=same as~opposite to} that of ADH, water channels and reabsorption of water by the kidney, which {=decreases~increases} plasma osmolarity | After sweating, the plasma osmolarity {decreases~=increases}. The effect would be the {=same as~opposite to} that of ADH, water channels and reabsorption of water by the kidney, which {=decreases~increases} plasma osmolarity. The effect of (the synthesis, secretion and blood concentration of) ADH would be {=too little~too much}. Negative feedback {~=increases~decreases} (synthesis, secretion, blood concentration of) ADH. This in turn {~=increases~decreases} the number of water channels in the kidney causing {~=increased~decreased} water reabsorption. Urine osmolarity will {~=increase~decrease} while volume will {increase~=decrease}. This will {~=decrease~increase} plasma osmolarity, {~=returning to normal~separating from normal}. | ||
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2019年6月5日 (水) 13:38時点における版
| When plasma osmolarity is increased by sweating, the negative feedback increases (synthesis, secretion, blood concentration of) ADH. |
video prior to sweating
Prior to sweating, we assume our subject is in homeostasis with normal plasma and urine osmolarities and volumes.
video just after sweating
Steps 1 and 2: The subject sweated. Water will leave the plasma and its osmolarity will increase.
Sweating will increase, and the ADH, water channels, and reabsorption of water by the kidney will decrease plasma osmolarity, having the opposite effect. Thus, in this case with high plasma osmolarity, the the plasma osmolarity-decreasing effect of ADH, water channels, and reabsorption would be too little.
video just after ADH increased responding to sweating
Steps 3 and 4: With too little effect of ADH, water channels, and reabsorption, the negative feedback increases (synthesis, secretion, blood concentration of) ADH. The water channels-increasing effect of ADH will increase, increasing the number of water channels. This increases the reabsorption of water by the kidney.
video showing the changes in plasma and urine after ADH increased responding to sweating
Step 5: The ratio of Na+ to water reabsorption by the kidney decreases. This means plasma osmolarity decreases. The increased plasma osmolarity from sweating will decrease returning to normal.
Because a lower ratio of Na+ is reabsorbed, the fluid left in the tubule now has a higher osmolarity. The increase in the number of water channels increases water reabsorption so there is less water. Overall, the urine becomes more concentrated and low volume.
Challenge Quiz
After sweating, negative feedback increases decreases (synthesis, secretion, blood concentration of) ADH.
After sweating, negative feedback increases decreases water channels in the kidney.
After sweating, negative feedback increases decreases water reabsorption by the kidney.
After sweating, negative feedback increases decreases urine volume.
After sweating, negative feedback increases decreases urine osmolarity.
After sweating, negative feedback increases decreases plasma osmolarity.
After sweating, the plasma osmolarity decreases increases . The effect would be the same as opposite to that of ADH, water channels and reabsorption of water by the kidney, which decreases increases plasma osmolarity. The effect of (the synthesis, secretion and blood concentration of) ADH would be too little too much . Negative feedback increases decreases (synthesis, secretion, blood concentration of) ADH. This in turn increases decreases the number of water channels in the kidney causing increased decreased water reabsorption. Urine osmolarity will increase decrease while volume will increase decrease . This will decrease increase plasma osmolarity, returning to normal separating from normal .